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Ghurids put an end to Ghaznavids rule in India and captured their base in Lahore and founded the second Islamic state in India called the Ghurid state (543-613) named after Ghur mountains in Afghanistan between Herat and Ghazna, currently known as Hindustan. Sultans of this state did not remain in India permanently; instead, they settled in their capital Ghazna and ruled India through their Turkish Mamluks.
Sultan Mohammed El Ghurids bought large numbers of Mamluks and looked after their education and prepared them for invasion and holy war. It is reported that whenever he was reminded of the necessity of having a son to preserve his rule, he used to say: I have thousands of sons i.e. Turkish Mamluks. Some of these Mamluks became rulers and leaders like Yildiz, ruler of Ghazna, and Nasir al-Din Kubacha, in the Sind, and Qutb Al-Din Aybak, in Delhi, with the strongest influence. Thus, Mohammed al-Ghurid managed, thanks to his Mamluks especially Aybak, to capture all Indian lands to the north of the Vindhya mountains as far as the mouth of the Ganges river.
Islam spread there; its Hindu temples were changed into mosques and its rajas paid tribute. In 603 A.H. (1206 A.D.) Sultan Mohammed Al-Ghurids was assassinated on banks of the River Sind by a radical member of Ismailia sect. On his death, Ghazna and Ghur disappeared and were replaced by Delhi as the Islamic capital for the Mamluk Sultans in India.
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