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Almoravids - Berber dynasty. |
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The dynasty, originally a puritanical reform movement, derived its name from the Arabic almurabitun ("the men of Ribat"). The Almoravids first moved south, where they succeeded in conquering Gana and converting northern Africa to Islam; under Yusuf ibn Tashfin (1060-1106) they seized power in Morocco and western Algeria, founding Marrakech in 1062.
In 1086 they conducted their first campaigns in Spain (with victory at Zallaqa), before they conquered Islamic Spain from the Taifa rulers (1089-1094). Under Ali ibn Yusuf (11 06-1143) they suffered losses against the Christian Reconquista and after 1130 were forced back to northern Africa by the Almohads, to whom they succumbed in 1147: the last Almoravids ruler was ousted during the capture of Marrakech.
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